Confidentiality in a general sense refers to the duty not to share information with persons who are not qualified to receive that information (see Article 5(f) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 4(f) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725). In a more specific sense, it refers to the confidentiality of communications provided for in Article 5 of the E-privacy Directive 2009/136/EC and in Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725.